J Balvin, Dua Lipa, Bad Bunny – UN DIA (ONE DAY) (Feat. Future Nostalgia will go platinum in the UK at the end of Feb and is still flying in Ireland, just ahead of its first birthday at the end of March.ġ4. Dula Peeps critically acclaimed sophomore release Future Nostalgia is a record that deserves all the awards its been nominated for. Were Good is the incredible lead single from the deluxe album and both. Dua was the first female solo artist to reach 1 Billion Spotify streams on four songs and spent more weeks at the top of the album and radio chart than any other artist last year. Dua Lipa releases her deluxe album The Moonlight Edition on March 26th 2021. Future Nostalgia was the most streamed album in a day by a. Future Nostalgia was the most streamed album in a day by a British female artist globally, in the UK & US. The Moonlight Edition is a celebration of what can only be described as the album of a generation. The Moonlight Edition is a celebration of what can only be described as the album of a generation. If you have any additional questions, please do not hesitate to contact MyTGTtech at 87 every day, between 7am-11pm CST. The official video, releasing on 12th Feb at 5am GMT with a huge YouTube global promotion confirmed, follows the story of a lobster in a tank on the titanic, escaping when the ship sinks. Regarding your question about the Dua Lipa - Future Nostalgia (The Moonlight Edition) (EXPLICIT LYRICS) (CD): This is an explicit release of the album. Future Nostalgia (The Moonlight Edition) features four previously unheard tracks Were Good, If It Aint Me, That Kind of Woman and Not My Problem (ft. Dua Lipa Future Nostalgia (The Moonlight Edition) (LP, Vinyl Record Album. “We’re Good” is the incredible lead single from the deluxe album and both creatively and sonically pushes boundaries of what people expect from Dua. Dua Lipa Future Nostalgia (The Moonlight Edition) (LP, Vinyl Record Album. Musically, Future Nostalgia has been described by Lipa as a dancercise class. Dua Lipa releases her deluxe album ‘The Moonlight Edition’ on March 26 th 2021. Moonlight edition of the second studio album by the British singer, featuring the singles Dont Start Now, Physical, Break My Heart, Hallucinate and Levitating.
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The goal is to create a simple core library that can be customized and extended. ToastrJS is a JavaScript library for Gnome / Growl type non-blocking notifications. For HTML4 browsers it will revert back to using the old onhashchange functionality. For HTML5 browsers this means that you can modify the URL directly, without needing to use hashes anymore. Including continued support for data, titles, replaceState. History.js gracefully supports the HTML5 History/State APIs (pushState, replaceState, onPopState) in all browsers. It's up to 20x faster than jQuery! See for what makes GSAP so special. At its core, GSAP is a high-speed property manipulator, updating values over time with extreme accuracy. GSAP works around countless browser inconsistencies your animations **just work**. Animate CSS, SVG, canvas, React, Vue, WebGL, colors, strings, motion paths, generic objects.anything JavaScript can touch! No other library delivers such advanced sequencing, reliability, and tight control while solving real-world problems on millions of sites. GSAP is a JavaScript library for building high-performance animations that work in **every** major browser. GFM Markdown Wysiwyg Editor - Productive and ExtensibleĪ curated set of user interface interactions, effects, widgets, and themes built on top of the jQuery JavaScript Library. Animation effects are added with CSS3 transitions. Can display inline HTML, iframes (YouTube video, Vimeo, Google Maps), or an image gallery. Quickly integrate Bootstrap 4 components with Vue.js Useful for tagging, contact lists, country selectors, etc. Selectize is a jQuery-based custom UI control. Spreadsheet-like data grid editor that provides copy/paste functionality compatible with Excel/Google Docs Parallax Engine that reacts to the orientation of a smart device. Small footprint (5kB gzipped!), no 3rd party JS dependencies (jQuery, bootstrap JS) required! Native AngularJS (Angular) directives for Bootstrap. Zepto.js is a minimalist JavaScript library for modern browsers, with a jQuery-compatible API Pjax is a jQuery plugin that uses ajax and pushState to deliver a fast browsing experience with real s, page titles, and a working back button. Handles animation, physics, and input tracking. Supports AngularJS and any CSS library, e.g. Minimalist JavaScript library for reorderable drag-and-drop lists on modern browsers and touch devices. Tiny, fast, and elegant implementation of core jQuery designed specifically for the server It is currently available in both jQuery and Prototype flavors. It supports searching, remote data sets, and infinite scrolling of results.Ĭhosen is a JavaScript plugin that makes select boxes user-friendly. Select2 is a jQuery based replacement for select boxes. Works with any server-side platform (Google App Engine, PHP, Python, Ruby on Rails, Java, etc.) that supports standard HTML form file uploads.Ĭreate beautiful fullscreen scrolling websites Supports cross-domain, chunked and resumable file uploads. File Upload widget with multiple file selection, drag&drop support, progress bar, validation and preview images, audio and video for jQuery. This gas flux is an important heat supply, buffering the conditions of final phonolite differentiation that is modeled to be near 1000 ☌ in the 4–7.5 km depth range 9, 10, 11, 12. CO 2 emissions from the Erebus lava lake and fumaroles exceed the rates possible from estimated magmatic solubilities and crystallization, thus requiring deep-sourced, upper mantle CO 2 streaming through the plumbing system. Simplistic calculations suggest the formation of Erebus volcano requires >4000 km 3 of basanite, which in turn requires low degrees of partial melting of >80,000 km 3 of the upper mantle peridotite 3. The alkali-rich Erebus phonolite has been modeled as evolving by fractional crystallization of a parental basanite sourced from an enriched upper mantle through a series of intermediate composition magma reservoirs 3, 8, 9. The upper right orientation is ~180 o rotated from the main and lower panels. Upper right inset places location of lower right view within Antarctica. Volcano mounts include Bird (BR), Terror (TR), Terra Nova (TN), Erebus (ER), Hut Point (HP) Morning (MR), and Discovery (DS). Yellow dashed lines represent other antithetic shear zones separating Dry Valleys block (DVB), Royal Society block (RSB), and Skelton block (SB). Other symbols include Southern Victoria Land basin (SVL) and Discovery accommodation zone (D-A-Z). The lower right inset shows regional structural setting 15, 16, 17, including the Ross Fault (green) in the accommodation zone of the terminus of the Terror Rift (TR) and Discovery graben (DG). Hypothesized Erebus fault zone contains principal low-resistivity structure resolved through the crust. Note the warm-colored ellipse region southwest of Mount Erebus indicating conductive volumes in the 0–7 km depth range approximately (Supplementary Information). Coordinate ticks denote both UTM Zone 58S (singles) and latitude–longitude (doubles). Site map showing impedance phase-tensor ellipses at the MT sounding locations over Mount Erebus and Ross Island during three field seasons see text for color and shape designations. Erebus offers a unique opportunity to investigate magmatic system processes from the mantle source to the surface and the enigmatic tectonic-structural controls of extensional magmatism and volatile release. However, they also provide important resources such as rare earth elements and precious metals and thus are important to understand 6, 7. Phonolite magmas in other settings have been explosively destructive 5. Compositionally uniform phonolitic lavas have dominated Erebus volcano eruptions for the last 17 ka 4 (Fig. Mount Erebus is the only phonolitic volcano with a persistent summit lava lake 3. Phonolitic-series magma is alkali-rich and highly evolved from its parental basanite. Rift settings and alkalic magmas contribute enormous amounts of CO 2 to the global exosphere budget, with climate-forcing level increases of atmospheric concentrations documented several times during Earth’s history 2. Basaltic alkalic magmas are CO 2-rich because they result from low degrees of partial melting of a mantle source often showing signs of being complexly metasomatized 1. Arc magmas typically have volatiles dominated by H 2O from dehydration of subducted oceanic crust. Unlike H 2O-rich subduction arc volcanoes, CO 2-dominated Erebus geophysically shows continuous magmatic structure to shallow crustal depths of < 1 km, as the melt does not experience decompression-related volatile supersaturation and viscous stalling.Īlkalic volcanoes in rift settings stand in stark contrast to calc-alkaline volcanoes in arcs, such as the ring of fire around the Pacific Ocean. This magmatic valve lies within an inferred, east-west structural trend forming part of an accommodation zone across the southern termination of the Terror Rift, providing a dilatant magma pathway. The lateral turn represents a structural fault-valve controlling episodic flow of magma and CO 2 vapour, which replenish and heat the high level phonolite differentiation zone. Here we show using magnetotelluric data that a steep, melt-related conduit of low electrical resistivity originating in the upper mantle undergoes pronounced lateral re-orientation in the deep crust before reaching shallower magmatic storage and the summit lava lake. Seismic studies provide limited images of the magmatic system. Erebus volcano, Antarctica, with its persistent phonolite lava lake, is a classic example of an evolved, CO 2-rich rift volcano. My mother and father broke up when I was three and he died when I was eight, so I have very dim memories. His mother, Lillian Murphy (née Laney, later Murphy Lynch), was a telephone operator, and his father, Charles Edward Murphy (1940–1969), was a transit police officer and an amateur actor and comedian. Murphy was born in Brooklyn, New York City, and raised in the borough's Bushwick neighborhood. He is also known for singing the hit song " Party All the Time" in 1985. As a singer, Murphy has released three studio albums, including How Could It Be (1985), So Happy (1989), and Love's Alright (1993). In 2015, his films made him the sixth-highest grossing actor in the United States. Murphy's films have grossed over $3.8 billion ( $6.5 billion adjusted for inflation) in the United States and Canada box office, and over $6.7 billion worldwide. In 2020, he won his first Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Guest Actor in a Comedy Series for hosting Saturday Night Live. His recent films include Tower Heist (2011), Dolemite Is My Name (2019), Coming 2 America (2021), and You People (2023). He has played multiple roles in Coming to America (1988), Vampire in Brooklyn (1995), the Nutty Professor films, Bowfinger (1999), The Adventures of Pluto Nash (2002), Norbit (2007), and Meet Dave (2008). In some films he plays multiple roles this is intended as a tribute to one of his idols, Peter Sellers. Murphy has worked as a voice actor, including roles playing Mushu in Disney's Mulan (1998), Thurgood Stubbs in the sitcom The PJs (1999–2001), and Donkey in the Shrek franchise (2001–2010), the latter of which he earned a BAFTA Award for Best Actor in a Supporting Role nomination. In 2007, Murphy won the Golden Globe for Best Supporting Actor and received a nomination for the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor for his portrayal of soul singer James "Thunder" Early in the musical film Dreamgirls. He has also won numerous awards for his work on the fantasy comedy film Dr. (1982), the Beverly Hills Cop series (1984–present), Trading Places (1983), The Nutty Professor (1996), and Dolemite Is My Name (2019). Murphy has received Golden Globe Award nominations for his performances in 48 Hrs. Murphy has received a Grammy Award and an Emmy Award and was honored with the Mark Twain Prize for American Humor in 2015 and the Golden Globe Cecil B. 10 on Comedy Central's list of the 100 Greatest Stand-ups of All Time. Murphy has also worked as a stand-up comedian and is ranked No. He rose to fame on the sketch comedy show Saturday Night Live, for which he was a regular cast member from 1980 to 1984. Edward Regan Murphy (born April 3, 1961) is an American actor and comedian. This year we visited Tulum ruins, and it was fun and interesting - a bit hot - but if you were prepared and brought a towel, you could take a dip in the ocean and it is gorgeous beneath the cliffs. El Pescador, in downtown Cancun has incredibly delicious fish and the BEST MARGARITAS in Cancun (and cheap!!) I have not met one person that disagrees with this Margarita review!! Don't miss it. We have a short list of MUSTS where we eat every time we visit Cancun. For dinner, we always opt to visit some of our favorite restaurants, and try some new ones to see if we can discover any special jewels. And now that the kids are a bit older, they can go back to our apt to fetch snacks, all of which saves lots of money on the 'pretty good at best' hotel fare. We love stocking the fridge and pantry with groceries, enjoying breakfast on our balcony facing the Caribbean, and packing lunches to go to the beach or take on sight-seeing trips. Casa Maya offers apartments only, and compared to other properties we have seen in the area, they are very spacious. Many other areas on the strip have un-swimable ocean front because it is 'red-flag' water most every day. Casa Maya is a wonderful place to stay if you have kids because the ocean there is not rough it is protected by Isla Mujeres, so the waves are practically non-existent. We stayed at Casa Maya, as this is our home-base in a time share we purchased about 6 yrs ago. All in all, great location, very laid back for a quiet, relaxing time. Also very easy to take the bus in the other direction to the Hotel Zone restaurants and shops. If you buy too much to carry, take a cab back for about 100 pesos total + tip. You can easily use the bus to travel to the downtown area local market and/or Walmart. No high pressure.not like the downtown markets. There were local vendors (jewelry, rugs, etc.) that set up near the pool twice during the week. (Don't miss the local brand chocolate covered ice cream bars.super!). There is a small gift shop and separate 'convenience' store. Indoor restaurant was not open at the time of our visit. The outdoor restaurant offered a very reasonably priced menu with 2 for 1 drinks in the evening. There is a fitness center which may be an "extra". The pools and grounds are extremely well kept. Plenty of beach chairs (although we were not there in peak season), both on the beach and at the 3 pools. If you timid about the thought of rough surf, this is the place for you. The staff was pleasant, the maid service excellent, and the overall stay very relaxing. If you are making arrangements to stay within the next few months, be sure you are given accomodations as far from the current work floors as possible. The Casa Maya rooms are undergoing a major facelift and are being 'gutted" down to jack-hammering the tile floors. The Chinese subsidiary is known as Domino's Pizza China ( Chinese: 达美乐 pinyin: Dá Měi Lè).Īs of October 2019, Domino's Pizza China has about 250 stores in nine cities: Beijing (about 75 stores), Shanghai (about 100 stores), Guangzhou, Shenzhen, Tianjin, Nanjing, Suzhou, Wuxi, and Hangzhou. Outside the United States, India has the largest number of Domino's outlets in the world. In February 2016, Domino's opened its 1,000th store in India. In 1995, Domino's Pizza entered China through the Pizza Vest Fast Food Group, which also owned the rights to operate Domino's Pizza in eleven Southeast Asian countries. After having faced tough competition from local restaurants and falling behind on its debt obligations, Domino's exited the country in 2022. CEO Patrick Doyle, in May 2014, said the company would concentrate on its delivery model there. By 2014, the company had grown to 6,000 international locations and was planning to expand to pizza's birthplace, Italy this was achieved on October 5, 2015, in Milan, with their first Italian location. In 1997, Domino's opened its 1,500th international location, opening seven stores in one day across five continents. By 1995, Domino's had expanded to 1,000 international locations. In 1993, they became the second American franchise to open in the Dominican Republic and the first one to open in Haiti, under the direction of entrepreneur Luis de Jesús Rodríguez. Also, in 1985 Domino's opened their first store in Tokyo, Japan. In 1985, the chain opened their first store in the United Kingdom in Luton. That same year, Domino's opened its 1,000th store, its first in Vancouver, Washington. On May 12, 1983, Domino's opened its first international store, in Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada. International expansion Domino's Pizza in Oak Hill, Virginia, United States Domino's Pizza in Nieuw-Vennep, Netherlands The store interior of a Domino's Pizza Domino's Pizza in Tuxtla Gutiérrez, Chiapas, Mexico Domino's Pizza, next to a KFC, in New Market, Kolkata, India A year later, the company named Dave Brandon as its CEO. for about $1 billion, and ceased being involved in day-to-day operations of the company. In 1998, after 38 years of ownership, Domino's founder Tom Monaghan announced his retirement, sold 93 percent of the company to Bain Capital, Inc. On May 2, 1980, the Fifth Circuit Court of Appeals in New Orleans found in favor of Domino's Pizza. In 1975, Domino's faced a lawsuit by Amstar Corporation, the maker of Domino Sugar, alleging trademark infringement and unfair competition. Domino's Pizza opened its first franchise location in 1967 and by 1978, the company had expanded to 200 stores. Monaghan planned to add a new dot with the addition of every new store, but this idea quickly faded, as Domino's experienced rapid growth. The company logo originally had three dots, representing the three stores in 1965. Monaghan immediately loved the idea and officially renamed the business Domino's Pizza, Inc. One day, an employee, Jim Kennedy, returned from a pizza delivery and suggested the name "Domino's". Monaghan wanted the stores to share the same branding, but the original owner forbade him from using the DomiNick's name. īy 1965, Tom Monaghan had purchased two additional pizzerias he now had a total of three locations in the same county. Within eight months, James traded his half of the business to Tom for the Volkswagen Beetle they used for pizza deliveries. The brothers planned to split the work hours evenly, but James did not want to quit his job as a full-time postman to keep up with the demands of the new business. The deal was secured by a $500 down payment, then the brothers borrowed $900 to pay for the store. In 1960, Tom Monaghan and his brother, James, took over the operation of DomiNick's, an existing location of a small pizza restaurant chain that had been owned by Dominick DeVarti, at 507 Cross Street (now 301 West Cross Street) in Ypsilanti, Michigan, near Eastern Michigan University. Domino's has stores in over 83 countries and 5,701 cities worldwide. As of 2018, Domino's had approximately 15,000 stores, with 5,649 in the United States, 1,500 in India, and 1,249 in the United Kingdom. The corporation is Delaware-domiciled and headquartered at the Domino's Farms Office Park in Ann Arbor Township, near Ann Arbor, Michigan. Founded in 1960, the chain is owned by master franchisor Domino's Pizza, Inc. Domino's is an American multinational pizza restaurant chain. If you’re using the OpenLab, you can also use this attribution plugin. It is now easy to restrict your Image Search results to find images which have been tagged with our licenses, so that you can find content from across the web that you can share, use, and even modify. This attribution tool makes it really easy. Today, Google officially launched the ability to filter search results using Creative Commons licenses inside their Image Search tool. Use their search tool to find what you need!ĭon’t forget that some Creative Commons licenses still require attribution, and, as a general rule, it is always nice to give an author credit for their work, even if it is openly-licensed. Pixabay: Like Unsplash, Pixabay is a repository of thousands of free images.Any image on here is free for you to use. Unsplash: Unsplash is a repository of strictly freely-usable images.You can also search in the top right toolbar and filter your results to limit these to images that have Creative Commons licenses, as pictured above. You can search by keyword to find what you need. Flickr: When you go to /explore, you’ll see an option to search for images on the Commons. Below are three repositories where you can search for such images: The safest (and, in my opinion, best) way to source images is to look for media that is either in the public domain or licensed as part of the Creative Commons. This can be tricky! Just because an image can be grabbed online doesn’t mean it’s free to use or repost. As a reminder, when you add images to your OpenLab site or posts, it is important to make sure you respect copyright guidelines (see the library’s OpenLab module on copyright and fair use). You are permitted to download the image and share it with others as long as you credit the artist and photographer of the artwork, but you can’t change the image in any way or use it commercially.This week, we spotlight three different sites where you can find public domain/ creative commons images to use on the OpenLab. This licence is the most restrictive of the six main licences. This licence lets you remix, tweak, and build upon the image non-commercially, as long as you credit the original creators and license your new creations under the identical terms of this licence.Īttribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs (CC BY-NC-ND) This licence lets you remix, tweak, and build upon the image non-commercially, and although the new works must also acknowledge the original creator and be non-commercial, you don’t have to license the derivative works on the same terms as this licence.Īttribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike (CC BY-NC-SA) This licence allows for redistribution of the image, commercial and non-commercial, as long as it is passed along unchanged and in whole, with credit to the creators. All new works based on the original image must carry the same licence, so any derivatives will also allow commercial use. This licence lets you remix, tweak, and build upon the image, even for commercial purposes, as long as you credit the original creators of the artwork and the image. This is the most accommodating of licences offered. This licence lets you distribute, remix, tweak, and build upon the image, even commercially, as long as you credit the creators of the artwork and the image. When you use an image with a Creative Commons license, you have to attribute it in a particular way. Remember, while we’re talking about images, Creative Commons licenses don’t only apply to images. Some Creative Commons licences permit commercial use while other licence types do not.Īll Creative Commons licences require you to credit the original artist(s) and the person/organisation that owns the photograph of the work. As we saw, there are 6 Creative Commons licenses. If you want to share or reuse an image you first need to determine whether you need to use the image for non-commercial use or commercial use. There are six different types of Creative Commons licence, each with its own set of permissions. Go to our Tumblr and GIPHY pages to see examples of remixed images and GIFs made using our Creative Commons images (GIFs and memes can be created from the following licence types: CC BY CC BY-NC and PD and CC0). Please acknowledge the owning collection with a photo credit - this helps spread the word about their resources. Some collections have chosen to make their images freely available ( open content) and have been marked Public Domain or licensed with CC0, this means you are free to use the image for any type of use. The terms of assigned Creative Commons licences on Art UK are located on the artwork page and can be discovered using our licence filter on the artwork search page. It lets people know how they can reuse an image without having to go back to the rights holder to ask for their permission. Creative Commons licences are free licences that a rights holder might attach to an image. Scratch Link makes it possible to connect WeDo 2.0 Smarthub with Scratch, therefore is must always be running in the background while you're programming. Download the appropriate installer for your OS from the official website and run it. Install Scratch Link app on your device. Next, select the extension named LEGO Education WeDo 2.0. Below the block categories, find the blue Add an Extension icon and click on it. Click the globe icon in the top left corner and select your preferred language. How to prepare Scratch 3.0 for LEGO® WeDo 2.0 Preparing Scratch for programming on an Android tablet and MacBook is a bit different, which we explain in the video. If you have a PC or laptop, follow the text instructions below. Moreover, there are many different devices you can use to program, which complicates things a bit, too. To open Scratch, you just need to type into your browser … But in the default palette of code blocks, you won't find commands allowing you to control the motor, or the sensors from WeDo 2.0. To program WeDo in Scratch you essentially need 3 things: Prepare Scratch for programming LEGO WeDo ¶ Now you know why it's worth it, so let's go to the next step, which is. These three reasons are enough to try Scratch with WeDo robots. Huge possibilities, efficient learning and lots of fun. Scratch 3.0 and LEGO WeDo 2.0, is a challenge. Finding any faults in the newest versions, i.e. Over time, start has become easier for complete beginners, possibilities did not decrease, and the most trustworthy reviewers - kids - still love these tools. Each has several previous versions, which means that the creators of each product had the opportunity to correct the mistakes and improve. This skill is exceptionally useful at any age.īoth WeDo and Scratch are tried and tested educational tools. They also discover elements of engineering and STEM, which help children develop the ability to understand the complexity of new tasks. Motivated by tangible results (the robot moves!), kids soak up the basics of programming like sponges. With Scratch and WeDo together, you learn more and faster, while having fun the entire time. WeDo 2.0 kits can be programmed in the well-known and widely loved Scratch programming language, appreciated by both kids and adult teachers. In the programming software dedicated for WeDo 2.0, kids can discover the fundamental programming commands, but the overall possibilities are limited. More details about this kit can be found in our separate review of LEGO Education WeDo 2.0. The set contains specially selected LEGO bricks and basic electronic elements: one motor, two sensors and a hub to connect your construction with a computer or tablet. LEGO Education WeDo 2.0 is one of the best tools for primary school kids who want to learn robotics. See with your own eyes how they come alive thanks to a few simple commands. Isn't programming supposed to rule the world?įortunately, you can use Scratch to program robots built from LEGO bricks. Created programs never go beyond the computer screen, which often weakens the students' enthusiasm. Thanks to this approach, simple programs are created almost organically and each new program becomes an inspiration for the next one.Īlone, Scratch allows you to program only within its interface. They assemble coding blocks and test their ideas, the same way they do when playing and building with bricks. Programming in Scratch is done by connecting colorful blocks that contain programming instructions. eight-year-olds) can use it to code on their own by creating games, animations, or interactive forms. What is Scratch? It is a visual programming language with text elements, created for educational purposes. Or maybe, you are on the fence about teaching with Scratch?īefore you look at the instructions, read why over 66 millions of users and teachers around the world sing praises of Scratch, and how come connecting colorful blocks develops future-relevant skills. Instructions on how to prepare Scratch for LEGO WeDo are a few lines further down (click!). Although it wasn't always this way, fortunately today, just a few clicks do the trick. Programming LEGO Education WeDo 2.0 in Scratch 3.0, or connecting two phenomenal tools for learning robotics and programming, is easy as rolling off a log. One thing is for certain that you shouldn’t use the word layed unless you are writing a historical piece. These words are very complicated, and change based on the past and present tense of the verbs. The versions of this word are lied, have lied, and lying. Then, there is the completely unrelated verb lie that means to tell a statement that is not true with the intent to deceive. Lie, lay, and lain all mean that the subject is setting itself down, most likely in a horizontal position.įor the word lay, there is laid, laying, and have laid.įor the word lie, there is lay, have lain, and lying. Lay and laid both mean that you set something down. While lay and lie are technically two different words with different meanings, the past tense of lie is the word lay. Rules of GrammarĮnglish has some of the most confusing grammar rules that you will ever see. When you say that you lay down for a nap, you are actually saying you lie down, but you did it previously. The past tense of lie down is actually lay down. The past tense is where things get even more complicated. However, you can LIE and LAY yourself down. You can lay an object down, but you can’t lie it down. When you LIE down, you are recLIning yourself. When you LAY something down, you are pLAcing that thing somewhere. Think of the words “place” and “recline”. There is a simple way to remember what the difference is between lay and lie. They layed the plants out in front of the house to prepare for planting. The names were layed out in alphabetical order. You should only use this word when you are discussing something that happened centuries ago and you need a word to match the time period. But wait, there’s more: Laid is not only the past tense of lay, but also the past participle of it. That’s right, lay is a present tense verb, and it’s also the past tense of another verb: I lie on the couch when I listen to music, and yesterday, I lay down on it for a nap. Layed is another past tense of the word lay, but it is used much less frequently than laid. What’s confusing is that lay is the past tense of lie. He laid out his clothes before going to bed. She laid the blanket down before the picnic started. It can also mean to put down or set something in a position for use. Laid means to put something down gently or carefully. 4) We have lain in the sun for thirty minutes. Its forms are: lie (present), lying (present/past progressive), lay (past), lain (participle). You would use this word when you are saying that you put something down at an earlier time. As you learned in the last lesson, 'lie' means to be at rest, or to recline in a horizontal position. It can be helpful to remember that lie is an intransitive verb. Lie means to recline or to be in a horizontal position, while lay means to put or place something down. Laid is the past tense of the verb “to lay”. The verbs lie and lay are often confused because they are related in meaning and form. You lied to me and used me to get what you wanted. When I asked him a question, he lied to me. Lied is the past tense version of this definition of lie. Lie also means to make an untrue statement with the purpose of deceiving someone else. The past tense of lie(with this meaning) is lay and lain. It means to stay at rest while in a horizontal position. The word lie has several different meanings. Lied is the past tense version of the word lie. These three words are insanely tricky, so let’s dive right in. There are very small differences between these words, and if you don’t know them you will confuse the words often. Even the most seasoned authors can have a hard time keeping these words in line. This also stands true for their past tense versions. I'm happy to see that "lie" is still alive and well here in the English Only forum.Lay and lie are two of the most commonly mixed-up words in the English language. When a majority of people forget a verb or use it incorrectly, that verb is in danger of extinction or transformation. I don't know about the status of "lie" in the UK, but many people customarily misuse "lay" here in the US: "I was laying on the bed". If I could return to the world in three hundred years, I wouldn't be surprised if the verb "lie" had disappeared from the language. Your last sentence from that question appears to be "lay" in the present tense: I lay my head on the pillow. He is using the present tense of "lay", the transitive verb, in a suggestion to his lover. Kristofferson sings "Lay your head upon my pillow". "Laid" is the past tense of "lay", the transitive verb. I need the intransitive verb because there is no object. As soon as you use "my head" in that sentence, you have an object. Click to expand.You are quite welcome, moonglow. to establish a collection of 60 european varieties in order to know their susceptibility in our conditions.įirst results of these two actions are presented hereafter.The disease is caused by the bacterium Erwinia amylovora. to test hybrids in an experimental orchard near Dax, Fire blight is the most important bacterial dis- ease for apple and pear growers in Utah.Certain varieties, like Aristocrat, are more susceptible than Bradford, one of. The out-break of fire blight in 1978 in the pear growing area of the South West of France, where climatic conditions are usually favourable to the disease, Leconte et al. Most ornamental pears are resistant, but they are not immune to fire blight. These reasons made clear for us the need to begin in France our own breeding program in order to select new varieties with these two main characteristics : Growers in these countries did not grow any of these new varieties.The range of picking dates aimed at by these researchers is about the picking date of 'Williams' and the selected flavour is the one of 'Williams',.The use of minor resistances in Pyrus communis could lead to less susceptible varieties with a good fruit quality if these low levels of resistance are accumulated through successives generations,.In 1974 close contacts were established with North american and canadian researchers and the following conclusions were drawn out : The poor quality of the fruits of the selected varieties prevented them from being cultivated in commercial orchards.īefore 1974 most of these varieties and some hybrids not yet named have been introduced in the collection of the INRA Research station of Angers. Pyrus communis is susceptible, and fire blight is the most serious disease affecting fruiting pears in most production regions of the northern hemisphere (13). DISEASES Fire Blight is a common bacterial disease of rosaceous plants caused by the bacterium Erwinia amylovora. The resistant parents were firstly choosen in oriental species : Pyrus pyrifolia, Pyrus ussuriensis or in hybrids between Pyrus communis and these species. This review includes information on edible and ornamental pears. The research for a fire blight resistant variety of pear has been undertaken in the United States since some sixty years. ISHS Acta Horticulturae 161: Symposium on Production and Preservation of Pears PEAR BREEDING AND SELECTION FOR FIRE BLIGHT RESISTANCE Together, they want to investigate genetic resources in pear and Pyrus wild species to determine whether they carry resistance, which genes are involved in disease defense, and how these are inherited so that they can be used for variety breeding.PEAR BREEDING AND SELECTION FOR FIRE BLIGHT RESISTANCE "While resistance mechanisms to the fire blight bacterium are being intensively researched in various breeding programs for apple, international efforts are very limited for pear," the researcher, who initiated the new project, explains.įor FeuResBir, suitable German partners from Bavaria and Lake Constance with pear collections have been brought on board, but research partners from Spain and New Zealand are also involved. Andreas Peil, who works as a breeder at the JKI in Dresden-Pillnitz. "Since the disease cannot be controlled with plant protection products, or only very inadequately, growers are placing great hope in new varieties," says Dr. Currently, regular inspections of pear plants and neighboring host plants, as well as removal or radical pruning of infested trees, are the only ways to keep the pathogen in check. That’s good news, following growers’ efforts to reduce use of streptomycin. An ongoing WSU survey found no antibiotic-resistant strains in the state in 2022, said pathologist Frank Zhao. The FeuResBir research project aims to do important preliminary work here, so that the breeding of resistant pear varieties receives new impetus.įire blight is the most important disease in pear production, and the bacterial pathogen is considered a so-called regulated non-quarantine pest (RNQP) in the EU. The demand for antibiotic alternatives for fire blight control grew out of both streptomycin resistance and Washington’s organic production boom. Alexander Lucas, Conference, Williams Christ, the Beautiful from Charneux or Clapp's Favorite, all these most widely cultivated pear varieties have no resistance to the Erwinia amylovora bacterium. The varieties that dominate the market have an Achilles' heel: They are highly susceptible to the disease known as fire blight. In Germany, the demand for pears, regardless of whether they are produced conventionally or organically, cannot currently be met through domestic production. |
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